Tuesday, 12 April 2011

Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering involves the altering of proteins within the genes in DNA. There are many types of manipulation, some leading to new discoveries and the identification of individual genes. Different plants and animals are frequently used as subjects in genetic research, and recent advances in human gene therapy studies may have implications for the future of health care.

Genetic engineering is essentially a practice in which the genes of an individual organism are altered by some measured control over the DNA.

Modern genetic engineering uses molecular cloning and transformation to manipulate the structure of the proteins in a gene. Those proteins can be restructured and resequenced for a desired outcome. Many applications, such as food modification and pure research, have grown from the studies

Genetic engineering on humans has become more commonplace over the years. Somatic modification targets a problem gene and allows scientists to inject healthy genes to alter the effects of the disorder.
Gene therapy studies began in 1990 with the initial focus on "bubble children," individuals who are susceptible to common bacteria found everywhere.

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